Examination and Theoretical Analysis of the Impact and Functions of Belief in Divine Decree and Destiny with Emphasis on the Intellectual System of Martyr Motahhari

Abstract

The present study was conducted with the aim of examining the impact of belief in divine decree and destiny (qaḍāʾ wa qadar) on societies and individuals, with emphasis on the intellectual system of Martyr Motahhari. The necessity of this research becomes evident considering the significance of the issue of divine decree and destiny in societies, the extensive efforts devoted to its explanation, and the serious influence of these efforts. The focus on the views of Martyr Motahhari is also significant in light of the intellectual status of his thought. Attention to the effects and consequences of qaḍāʾ wa qadar demonstrates that tyrannical rulers have continuously promoted fatalism in order to justify their oppressive exercise of power and have used this issue as a pretext to legitimize their governments. This article, employing a critical-analytical method and based on library studies, attempts to show—by outlining some of the effects and functions of this belief—that a correct understanding of it has, to a considerable extent and in various domains, contributed to the growth and flourishing of societies, rescued people from stagnation and lethargy, and integrated attention to God Almighty into daily life. Such a doctrinal belief strengthens self-purification, fosters honest behavior, and establishes a monotheistic way of life.