The Charter of Imam Reza’s (A.S) Doctrinal Teachings in Consolidating Shiite Monotheistic Beliefs with a Focus on Monotheistic Living

Abstract

Imam Reza (A.S), as one of the most prominent scholarly and religious figures in Islamic history, played a significant role in consolidating the monotheistic beliefs of the Shiite community. The purpose of this study is to examine the rational and scientific methods—such as theological debates, dialectical reasoning, and hadith-based teachings—employed by Imam Reza (A.S) in defending monotheistic principles and clarifying the doctrinal foundations of Shiism. This article first outlines several beliefs and doctrinal doubts raised by various intellectual groups and sects, then analyzes Imam Reza’s intellectual foundations in affirming monotheistic beliefs, the impact of his theological discourse on strengthening Shiite convictions, and his historical role in confronting theological ambiguities. The findings of the study reveal that Imam Reza’s enlightening responses—grounded in the exegesis and analysis of Surah al-Tawhid and other Qur’anic verses, as well as his direct engagement with questioners—established a coherent doctrinal discourse that significantly contributed to the affirmation of monotheistic beliefs and the expansion of the Shiite community.